As your links explain, C series is used for envelopes, while B and elongated A are special case that aren’t commonly used.
In any case, none of those series has an equivalent to American Letter.
The only paper that you will commonly find in European offices are A4 and (to a lesser extent) A3.
A big office printer might have 4 trays stocked with A4 and one tray with A3, for example.
Interesting that this map does have Palestine (presumably the West Bank and east Jerusalem) but doesn’t consider Gaza part of Palestine.
That’s quite a unique combination.
Edit: looking at Azerbaijan, I think they just focus on the biggest landmass and ignore exclaves.
Edit2: the fine print actually says that they ignore exclaves, except for Malaysia.